Elizaveta Ivanovna Bykova biography
Elizaveta Ivanovna Bykova, (born Nov. 4, 1913, Bogolyubovo, Russia—died March 8, 1989), Russian chess participant who was the ladies’s world champion (1953–56; 1958–62).
In 1925 Bykova’s household moved to Moscow, the place she quickly confirmed a flair for chess. After graduating from the Institute for Economic Planning in 1936, Bykova devoted herself to bettering her sport, and in 1938 she received the Moscow girls’s chess championship. (During the Soviet period, chess was chosen for growth by the state for propaganda functions, so lots of the finest gamers held positions that left them substantial time for examine and play.) Her progress was interrupted by World War II, which halted nearly all chess tournaments, however she received the Soviet girls’s championship in 1947, 1948, and 1950.
The first broadly acknowledged girls’s world chess champion, Vera Menchik-Stevenson of England, died in 1944, leaving the title vacant. The chess governing physique, FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs), organized a match in Moscow within the winter of 1949–50 to find out a brand new champion. (This was organized together with a males’s match to find out Alexander Alekhine’s successor, since he additionally had died, in 1946, whereas holding the world champion title.) Bykova completed in third place, behind Ludmilla Rudenko of Ukraine and Olga Rubtsova of Russia. Bykova received the 1952 candidates match in Moscow to find out a challenger for Rudenko. Bykova received their 1953 world championship match with a rating of seven wins, 2 attracts, and 5 losses. Bykova additionally earned the (males’s) International Master (IM) title from FIDE for her win. When Rubtsova received the 1955 challenger match, once more in Moscow, by a mere half level, FIDE determined to arrange a three-way match in 1956 between Bykova, Rubtsova, and Rudenko. Rubtsova completed first, one-half level forward of Bykova. In 1958 Bykova was given a rematch with Rubtsova. Bykova regained the world championship by scoring 7 wins, 3 attracts, and 4 losses. In 1959 Bykova efficiently defended her title in opposition to Kira Zvorikina of Russia, with a rating of 6 wins, 5 attracts, and a couple of losses. In 1962 Nona Gaprindashvili of Georgia defeated Bykova by a rating of seven wins, 4 attracts, and 0 losses.
In 1976, together with a number of older gamers, Bykova was awarded the newly created title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM).